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Bilateral Perisylivan Syndrome Case with a Dyslexia Profile
As part of our project to develop methods for multi-site studies, we unexpectedly received data collected from a child with Bilateral Perisylvian Syndrome (BPS). This was unexpected for a dataset involving children with dyslexia because BPS often presents with epilepsy, mental retardation, and motor impairments. This case did not exhibit these more severe phenotypes and…
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Neuromelanin contributes to locus coeruleus contrast in MRI scans
The locus coeruleus (LC) attention system is a target for understanding cognitive difficulties in children and older adults. Recent neuroimaging studies have suggested that LC can be structurally identified. We now have direct evidence from an ex vivo imaging and histologic study that this contrast is impacted by the density of neuromelanin that normally accumulates in…
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Cingulo-opercular Activity Provides Word Recognition Benefit
Recognizing speech in challenging listening conditions often produces increased activity in frontal cortex, particularly in cingulo-opercular regions, but the significance of this activity has been unclear. This network of frontal cortex is thought to monitor performance and signal when cognitive resources are required to ensure successful performance. Findings from earlier visuospatial studies indicated that…
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Changes in the Brain that Occur with Hearing Loss
Age-related hearing loss occurs for just about everyone. We wondered about the potential impact of hearing loss on brain structure because speech recognition can be difficult even after correcting for poor hearing thresholds. In a sample of 49 older adults, we observed that high frequency hearing loss was associated with lower gray matter volume in…