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Deep Learning Classification of Reading Disability
Identifying who has reading disability from brain structure images has been challenging because reading disability is a complex disorder. Using a deep learning approach, we were able to predict reading disability cases from controls with a ~77% accuracy using brain morphology data. An autoencoder was used to first reduce the dimensionality of whole brain image…
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Cortical Asymmetries: Canalized Phonological Development
Many dimensions of perceptual and cognitive development, including establishing the ability to understand and manipulate speech sounds, occur along a consistent and normative trajectory for most children. Canalization, or the protection from developmental events that may perturb normal development, has long been hypothesized to explain normative biological development. In large samples of children and adults,…
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Listening Difficulty Cueing in Older Adults with Hearing Loss
Limited benefit from supporting executive functions is one explanation for why older adults with hearing loss experience difficulties understanding speech in noise. In Brain Structure and Function we described an study examining the responsiveness of cortical regions to environmental (visual) cues that signaled changes in listening conditions. Older adults with relatively limited high-frequency hearing loss…
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Hearing Loss is Associated with Changes in Brain Morphology
Age-related hearing loss has been consistently related to lower gray matter volume, particularly in auditory cortex. The reason(s) for these observations are unclear. We examined the extent to which there were longitudinal changes in pure tone thresholds and brain morphology across ~2.5 years. Modest but significant cross-sectional associations between pure tone thresholds and auditory cortex…